kubernetes应用[一]

kubernetes
kubernetes
发布日期:   2019-03-28

kubectl相关命令操作

  • 查看节点详细信息
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe node node-01

pod

创建

  • 创建pod kubectl run
    ```
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy –image=nginx:latest –port=80 –replicas=1 –dry-run=true
    nginx-deploy 创建pod名称
  • -image 指定镜像
  • -port 指定端口
  • -reolices 指定pod内创建几个容器
  • -dry-run 干跑模式 
    <!--more-->

查看

  • 查看pod kubectl get pods 

    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods  
NAME                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ftscg   1/1     Running   0          4h17m

  • 查看pod详细信息 kubectl describe

    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ftscg

删除

  • 删除pod kubectl delete 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl delete pod nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ftscg  
pod "nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ftscg" deleted
    删除之后发现会自动创建一个pod
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get pod 
    NAME                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ffj8d   1/1     Running   0          35s

彻底删除 kubectl delete deployment

[root@master-01 ~]# kubectl delete deployment nginx-deploy
deployment.extensions "nginx-deploy" deleted

service

创建

  • 创建服务 kubectl expose
    ```
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy –name=nginx –port=80 –target-port=80 –protocol=TCP
    nginx-deploy 为上面创建的pod名
  • -name 指定服务名
  • -port 指定pod端口
  • -target-port 指定service端口映射pod端口
  • -protocol 端口类型

查看

  • 查看服务 kubectl get service 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get service  
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE  
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   21h  
nginx        ClusterIP   10.104.62.105   <none>        80/TCP    2m35s  
这时，在pod内可以使用地址<http://10.104.62.105>或者服务名<http://nginx>访问nginx,但是节点依旧无法访问
  • 查看服务具体信息 kubectl describe service 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe service nginx  
Name:              nginx  
Namespace:         default  
Labels:            run=nginx-deploy  
Annotations:       <none>  
Selector:          run=nginx-deploy  
Type:              ClusterIP  
IP:                10.104.62.105  
Port:              <unset>  80/TCP  
TargetPort:        80/TCP  
Endpoints:         10.244.1.3:80  
Session Affinity:  None  
Events:            <none>

update

更改pod规模

  • 动态更新pod规模，增加/减少pod kubectl scale 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment nginx-deploy  
[root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide  
NAME                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE      NOMINATED NODE  
client                         1/1     Running   0          26m   10.244.2.3   node-02   <none>  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-8mp2p   1/1     Running   0          57s   10.244.2.5   node-02   <none>  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ffj8d   1/1     Running   0          51m   10.244.1.3   node-01   <none>  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-g7s7j   1/1     Running   0          57s   10.244.2.6   node-02   <none>  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-tsxmp   1/1     Running   0          57s   10.244.1.4   node-01   <none>  
nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-vddwx   1/1     Running   0          57s   10.244.2.4   node-02   <none>

更改Pod镜像

  • 滚动更新image kubectl set image

  • 首先查看一下当前的 

    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deploy|grep -E "^Name:|Image:"  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-5h4rh  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-ffj8d  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-qn7zh  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-tkmtj  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-vddwx  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine

  • 使用 kubectl set image 更新镜像 

    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl set image deployment nginx-deploy nginx-deploy=nginx:1.15.10-perl  
deployment.extensions/nginx-deploy image updated

  • 更新的同时可使用kubectl rollout status查看镜像升级状态 

    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deploy  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 3 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 3 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 3 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 3 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 3 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 out of 5 new replicas have been updated...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 2 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 2 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 2 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...  
Waiting for deployment "nginx-deploy" rollout to finish: 4 of 5 updated replicas are available...  
deployment "nginx-deploy" successfully rolled out  
再次查看Pod信息，镜像已变动  
[root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deploy|grep -E "^Name:|Image:"           
Name:               nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-58xcs  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:               nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-dlf76  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:               nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-shkcn  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:               nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-tttkd  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:               nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-znf24  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl

回滚镜像

  • 回滚 kubectl rollout undo 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deploy  
deployment.extensions/nginx-deploy  
[root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deploy|grep -E "^Name:|Image:"  
Name:                      nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-dlf76  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:                      nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-tttkd  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:                      nginx-deploy-7596d8b647-znf24  
  Image:          nginx:1.15.10-perl  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-55bdr  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-9q54l  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-h6qlf  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-h9fgd  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-vfdzs  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
[root@master-01 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deploy|grep -E "^Name:|Image:"  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-55bdr  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-9q54l  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-h6qlf  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-h9fgd  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine  
Name:               nginx-deploy-86bf78c77-vfdzs  
  Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine

设置外部访问

  • 首先查看服务 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc nginx  
NAME    TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE  
nginx   ClusterIP   10.104.62.105   <none>        80/TCP    5d23h
  • 更改服务clusterIP类型kubectl edit svc 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl edit svc nginx  
apiVersion: v1  
kind: Service  
metadata:  
creationTimestamp: 2019-03-22T07:50:32Z  
labels:  
  run: nginx-deploy  
name: nginx  
namespace: default  
resourceVersion: "98592"  
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/services/nginx  
uid: 2b765b06-4c77-11e9-a182-000c29bb0a84  
spec:  
clusterIP: 10.104.62.105  
ports:  
  port: 80  
  protocol: TCP  
  targetPort: 80  
selector:  
  run: nginx-deploy  
sessionAffinity: None  
type: NodePorts  
status:  
loadBalancer: {}
  • 再次查看服务 
    [root@master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc nginx  
NAME    TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE  
nginx   NodePort   10.104.62.105   <none>        80:32660/TCP   5d23h
    此时可以使用集群内任意Node节点通过32660端口访问
文章作者: SakuraGaara
文章链接: https://ngames-dev.cn/2019/03/28/2019-03-28-kubernetes%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%5B%E4%B8%80%5D/
版权声明: 本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用 CC BY 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明来源 SakuraGaara !
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